大花四照花幼苗对土壤水分亏缺的生理响应毕业论文

 2021-04-20 10:04

摘 要

为研究大花四照花(Cornus florida)的抗旱性,本试验以从北美引进的大花四照花为试材,采用盆栽控水法研究幼苗在干旱胁迫下的生理响应机制。将6个月生的幼苗在室内控制条件下进行持续干旱19d后再复水7d的处理,并测定干旱胁迫过程中植株的生长指标和生理指标,探讨大花四照花幼苗抗性生理机制。结果表明:

(1)干旱显著影响土壤相对含水量和叶片相对含水量,但复水后各指标均能恢复到正常水平。其中土壤相对含水量随着干旱程度加深(0d~19d)呈规律性下降趋势,在9~13d极显著下降(P<0.01),13d后下降速度减缓;大花四照花叶片相对含水量与对照相比(第19d)差异显著(P<0.05)。

(2)土壤水分亏缺对大花四照花地下部分根系性状的影响较小,但对地上部分的生长影响较大;经处理的大花四照花苗高、地径的相对增长率、叶生物量以及叶片总面积与对照相比分别下降了53.9%、33.2%、18.9%和34.3%,而根系总表面积、总体积、干重以及根冠比分别增加了2%、10%、6.1%和16.8%。土壤水分干旱显著降低了茎、叶生物量但增大了根系生物量及根冠比。

(3)水分亏缺显著提高了大花四照花的叶片相对电导率。在重度干旱期,大花四照花的叶片相对电导率相比对照增加了40.9%。SOD活性在中度干旱期极显著增加(P<0.01),达到了528,57U/g;在重度干旱期,MDA、可溶性糖含量显著增加(P<0.05)。

综上所述,可初步得出:四照花能忍受轻度和中度干旱,不能耐受重度干旱,在干旱处理19天后复水,各指标基本能恢复到对照水平,未对植物造成不可逆的损伤。

关键词:大花四照花;土壤水分亏缺;生长指标;生理指标

Physiological response of Cornus florida to water stress

ABSTRACT

Cornus florida introduced from North America was studied to understand its drought resistance. In the present study, potted seedlings maintained water supply for seven days after nintheen days of drought resistance. C. florida seedlings’ growth indicators and physiological indicators were recorded to investigate the mechanism of drought resistance. The results showed:

(1) Soil relative water content and leaf relative water content were affected obviously by drought, but can be restored after re-watering. Soil relative water content showed a regular downward trend: the rate of decline is fast from 9th day to 13th day and is slow after 13th day. The difference between treatment group and control group of C. florida leaf relative water content is significant(P<0.05).

(2) The aboveground growth of C. florida was affected obviously by drought stress. Compared with control group, the C. florida seedings’ height relative growth rate, diameter relative growth rate, leaf dry weight and total leaf area decreased respectively by 53.9%, 33.2%, 18.9% and 34.3%, to the opposite, the total volume, total area, dry weight and total length of root system increased respectively by 2%, 10%, 6.1% and 16.8%. The dry weight of stem and leaf showed a downward trend because of drought, but the dry weight of root system and root-shoot ratio showed upward trend.

(3) The leaf ralative conductivity showed an upward trend during drought period. Compared with control group, leaf relative conductivity increased by 40.9% during severe drought period. During moderate period, the activity of SOD increased obviously (P<0.01) to 528,57 U/g. During severe drought period, the content of MDA and soluble sugar increased obviously(P<0.05).

In summary, the preliminary draw: C. florida seedings can tolerate the mild and moderate drought period, but can not tolerate severe drought period. The growth indicators and physiological indicators can be restored after normal water supply. Drought can not cause irreversible injury on C. florida seedings.

Key word: C. florida; Drought; Growth indicators; Physiological indicators;

目 录

1 文献综述 1

1.1 植物对干旱胁迫响应机制的研究进展 1

1.1.1 植物形态结构对干旱胁迫的响应 1

1.1.2 植物生理生化对干旱胁迫的响应 1

1.1.2.1 干旱胁迫对植物渗透调节物质的影响 1

1.1.2.2 干旱胁迫对植物抗氧化酶系统的影响 2

1.2 国内外四照花类群研究进展 2

1.2.1 四照花的分类 2

1.2.2 四照花种质资源 3

1.2.2.1 形态特征 3

1.2.2.2 生态习性 3

1.2.2.3 资源分布 3

1.2.3 应用价值 4

1.2.4 四照花的繁育技术 4

1.2.4.1有性繁殖 4

1.2.4.2 无性繁殖 5

1.3 研究目的与意义 5

2材料与方法 6

2.1 试验材料 6

2.2 试验设计 6

2.3 测定指标及方法 6

2.3.1 土壤相对含水量的测定 6

2.3.2 植株水分状况的测定 7

2.3.2.1 叶片相对含水量 7

2.3.2.2 植株各部分含水量 7

2.3.3 形态指标的测定 7

2.3.3.1 生长指标 7

2.3.3.2 根系性状和叶片总面积 7

2.3.3.3 生物量 7

2.3.4 生理生化指标 8

2.3.4.1 相对电导率 8

2.3.4.2 丙二醛(MDA)含量 8

2.3.4.3 可溶性蛋白含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性 8

2.3.4.4 可溶性糖含量 9

2.4 数据处理 9

3 结果与分析 10

3.1 干旱胁迫和复水过程中土壤相对含水量(SRWC)的变化 10

3.2 干旱胁迫和复水过程中植株各结构水分的变化 11

3.3 干旱胁迫过程中植株生长指标的变化 12

3.3.1 干旱胁迫过程中植株苗高和地径的变化 12

3.3.2 干旱胁迫对植株根系性状和叶片总表面积(TLA)的影响 12

3.3.3 干旱胁迫过程中植株生物量(干重)的变化 13

3.4 干旱胁迫和复水过程中植株生理指标的变化 14

3.4.1 干旱胁迫和复水过程中叶片相对电导率的变化 14

3.4.2 干旱胁迫和复水过程中可溶性糖含量的变化 15

3.4.3 干旱胁迫和复水过程中可溶性蛋白含量的变化 16

3.4.4 干旱胁迫和复水过程中丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化 16

3.4.5 干旱胁迫和复水过程中SOD活性的变化 17

4讨论与结论 18

4.1 大花四照花对土壤水分亏缺的生理响应 18

4.1.1 植株水分和形态结构变化 18

4.1.2 渗透调节物质的变化 18

4.1.3 细胞膜系统和SOD活性变化 18

结 论 19

致 谢 20

您需要先支付 80元 才能查看全部内容!立即支付

课题毕业论文、开题报告、任务书、外文翻译、程序设计、图纸设计等资料可联系客服协助查找,优先添加企业微信。