摘 要

本试验以中山杉两年生实生苗为材料，通过人工施加水淹胁迫，调查了中山杉苗在60 d内淹水条件下的存活率、生长变化和生理生化反应，以探讨中山杉的耐涝性机制，也为湿地造林树种的筛选提供理论。综合以上内容分析，可以得出以下结论：

（1）在存活方面，短期（60 d）的淹水对中山杉的成活造成极小的影响，处理组的中山杉成活率均达到了96.67%，对照组的成活率为100%；在外观形态方面，在60 d的淹水胁迫下，处理组的中山杉叶片颜色部分变暗，叶片少量脱落；对照组中山杉叶片颜色仍为绿色，长势较旺盛。

（2）在生长方面，淹水胁迫极显著地抑制了中山杉树高的生长（P＜0.01），处理组苗高低于对照组210.88％；而胁迫对地径未产生显著的影响（P＞0.05）。

（3）在生理生化方面，淹水处理下中山杉的SOD酶、POD酶的活性以及H₂O₂含量都显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）；处理组MDA的含量一直处于增长趋势，在第30 d后显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）；在试验前30 d内，淹水胁迫没有使得可溶性糖含量有显著提高（P＞0.05），在第30 d后，处理组的可溶性糖含量才显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）。ADH的含量在前50 d里，处理组高于对照组，第50 d后，处理组ADH含量下降，而对照组含量上升，最终对照组高于处理组。

综上所述，60 d的淹水对中山杉的存活率、形态、生长量和生理指标都有着不同程度的影响。整个试验过程中，淹水虽然抑制了苗木的高生长，但植株却很少死亡；中山杉叶片SOD酶、POD酶的活性均显著升高和可溶性糖含量的增加等其他指标的变化，都反映了植株面对淹水逆境时的调节适应能力；可以看出中山杉具备一定的耐水能力。因此，选用中山杉作为湿地造林树种是十分有优势的。

关键词：中山杉；淹水胁迫；生长；生理特性

Study on the the changes of growth and physiology of Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan' under flooding stress

ABSTRACT

In this experiment, the biennial seedlings of Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan' were used as the material to investigate the survival rate, growth changes and physiological and biochemical reactions of Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan' seedlings under the condition of flooding within 60 days under artificial waterlogging stress, so as to explore the waterlogging resistance mechanism of Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan' seedlings and provide a theory for the selection of wetland afforestation tree species. Based on the above analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn:

(1) In terms of survival, short-term (60 d) flooding had a minimal impact on the survival of Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan'. The survival rate of the treated group reached 96.67%, and that of the control group was 100%. In terms of appearance and morphology, under the stress of flooding for 60 days, the color part of the leaves of Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan' in treatment group became dark and a small amount of leaves fell off. In the control group, the leaf color of Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan' was still green, and the growth was more vigorous.

(2) In terms of growth, waterlogging stress significantly inhibited the growth of Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan' height (P lt; 0.01), and the seedling height of the treatment group was 210.88% lower than that of the control group. However, stress had no significant effect on ground diameter (P gt; 0.05).

(3) In terms of physiology and biochemistry, the activities of SOD enzyme, POD enzyme and H₂O₂ content of Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan' under waterlogging treatment were significantly higher than those in the control group (P lt; 0.05). MDA content in the treatment group was always on the rise, and was significantly higher than that in the control group after the 30th day (P lt; 0.05). During the first 30 days of the experiment, the content of soluble sugar in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P lt; 0.01). In the first 50 days, the content of ADH in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group. After the 50th day, the content of ADH in the treatment group decreased, while that in the control group increased, and finally the content of ADH in the control group was higher than that in the treatment group.

To sum up, the flooding at 60 days had different effects on the survival rate, morphology, growth and physiological indexes of Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan'. During the whole experiment, although the high growth of seedlings was inhibited by flooding, the plants rarely died. The activities of SOD enzyme and POD enzyme in leaves of Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan' were significantly increased and the content of soluble sugar was increased. It can be seen that Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan' has certain water resistance. Therefore, the selection of Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan' as wetland afforestation tree species is very advantageous.

Key words：Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan'; flooding stress; growth； physiological characteristics

目 录

0 前言 1

1 文献综述 2

1.1 中山杉概况 2

1.1.1 中山杉简介 2

1.1.2 中山杉的国内外研究概况 2

1.2 淹水胁迫对植物生长形态和发育的影响 3

1.2.1 根的生长 3