摘 要

1、土壤在培养期内有机碳矿化释放量表现出明显特征，前期释放速率快，尤其前3周，后期释放慢，趋于平缓。表现在动态图中为曲线斜率逐渐减小，前期斜率大，后期平缓。

2、在不同培养温度下，有机碳累积矿化量25℃明显大于15℃，在相同温度下，农林网土壤有机碳累积矿化量大于片林土壤有机碳累积矿化量。

关键词：温度 土地利用 土壤有机碳 矿化

Abstract： Mineralization of soil organic carbon refers to the process of soil organic carbon decomposition and release of CO2, is one of the important biochemical processes in soil. Mineralization of soil organic carbon and its influence factors research is a hot study on soil carbon cycling, soil organic carbon mineralization and mineralization rate of soil physicochemical properties, impact of farming measures and environmental factors, including temperature and land use change is the key factor affecting soil organic carbon mineralization.

The important role and in terrestrial ecosystem carbon has a, and content and the dynamic balance of soil organic carbon also reflects the health of soil quality or soil, and reveal the impact of factors help to explore how to use and protect the limited soil resources, reduce soil greenhouse gas emissions, increase soil carbon sequestration, has a positive role in improving soil quality. Organic carbon as an important indicator, it has direct effect on soil fertility and crop yield. In order to further clarify the mineralization of soil organic carbon, strengthen the conservation of soil quality, based on the study of Jiangsu in different forest and soil carbon mineralization differences, revealing its mineralization characteristics and influencing factors. In this study, using the alkali absorption culture method, the influence factors on moisture and ventilation conditions on soil carbon mineralization, revealing the relationship between carbon mineralization rate and their. Under different temperature and soil organic carbon mineralization results are as follows：

1、Soil organic carbon mineralization in the incubation period release show obvious characteristics, the release rate, especially before 3 weeks later release, slow, gentle. In the dynamic graph for the slope of the curve decreases, the slope is large, the flat.

2、In different culture temperature, organic carbon accumulation amount of mineralization at 25 ℃ was higher than 15 ℃, at the same temperature, soil organic carbon mineralization and net accumulation amount is greater than the organic carbon in forest soil cumulative mineralization.

Keywords: Temperature Land use Soil organic carbon Mineralization

目 录

1 前言………………………………………………………………………1

1.1 研究的目的和意义……………………………………………………1

1.2 我国有机碳库储存状况……………………………………………2

1.3 研究现状……………………………………………………………2

2 土壤有机碳矿化的影响因素……………………………………………4

2.1 土壤温度与水分……………………………………………………4

2.2 土壤肥力……………………………………………………………5

2.3土壤有机碳含量……………………………………………………6

2.4 农田土壤有机碳组成及其影响因素………………………………7

3 材料与方法………………………………………………………………9

3.1 实验材料……………………………………………………………9

3.2 实验方法……………………………………………………………10

4 结果与分析………………………………………………………………10

4.1 25℃培养条件下，不同土壤有机碳矿化动态……………………10

4.2 15℃培养条件下，不同土壤有机碳矿化动态……………………11

4.3 不同温度培养条件下，农林网土壤有机碳矿化动态……………12

4.4 不同温度培养条件下，片林土壤有机碳矿化动态………………14

5 结论…………………………………………………………………………16

致 谢…………………………………………………………………………17

参考文献………………………………………………………………………18

1 前言

1.1研究的目的和意义

土壤是陆地生态系统的重要组成成分，它与大气和陆地生物群落共同组成了系统中碳与植物营养元素的主要储存库和交换库。土壤有机碳的积累和分解的速率决定着土壤碳库储量。全球土壤有机碳每年分解释放到大气的影响全球气候变化，同时也影响到陆地植被的养分的供应，进而对陆地生态系统的分布、组成、结构和功能产生深刻影响。森林土壤是森林生态系统中最大的碳库，了解森林土壤碳循环是研究陆地生态系统碳循环的重要前提。土壤有机碳的矿化是土壤有机碳库循环的重要过程，土壤有机碳的矿化是土壤有机碳变成无机的CO2 或CH4的过程。据估计土壤有机质分解产生的CO2在全球CO2年释放量中占有相当比重，因而，研究土壤呼吸对于土壤碳循环研究、探讨全球变化及其影响是很重要的。

自20世纪80年代以来土壤有机碳的储量、分布及其转化日益成为全球陆地碳循环研究的热点，在全球变化的背景下，对土壤有机碳储量、分布、转化、衰减机理进行研究，揭示其影响因素和生态效应，将有助于探求如何科学地利用和保护有限的土壤资源，减缓土壤中温室气体排放、增加土壤碳截存，提高土壤质量，对退化土地的生态恢复及环境治理和保护等都有重要的意义。土壤呼吸是指土壤释放CO2的过程，是陆地生态系统土壤碳循环的一个重要组成部分，也是土壤与大气之间碳交换的主要输出途径。土壤呼吸排放CO2是土壤中生物学和生物化学过程综合作用的结果，是植物根系、土壤微生物、土壤动物等呼吸排放的共同产物，土壤理化因子和气象因子共同影响着它们的生命进程和土壤气体的扩散。