摘 要

土壤酶是土壤的组成成分之一，参与包括土壤中的生物化学过程在内的自然界物质循环，具有和生物体相似的组织和代谢的能力。为此，以江苏连云港典型柳树人工林土壤为研究对象，通过野外调查、采样和室内分析，研究了柳树人工林0-20cm、20-40cm、40-60cm土壤蔗糖酶活性的季节变化状况，揭示了柳树人工林土壤蔗糖酶活性季节动态规律，为人工林土壤肥力维护提供依据。主要研究结果如下:

（1）0-20cm的对照样地的土壤蔗糖酶活性春季平均值为79.02mg/g，夏季为85.33mg/g，冬季为71.71mg/g，人工林地的蔗糖酶活性春季平均值为97.97mg/g，夏季为98.64mg/g，冬季为88.55mg/g。2个样地的夏季土壤酶活性最高，春冬2季节的酶活性变化不大。

（2）20-40cm的对照样地土壤蔗糖酶活性春季平均值为40.15mg/g，夏季为61.8mg/g，冬季为47.69mg/g，人工林地的土壤蔗糖酶活性春季为87.59mg/g，夏季为84.05mg/g，冬季为75.13mg/g。对照样地的蔗糖酶活性变化是春季到夏季升高，夏季到冬季降低，而人工林地土壤蔗糖酶活性变化是春季到夏季再到冬季在一直降低。

（3）40-60cm的对照样地土壤蔗糖酶活性春季平均值13.63mg/g，夏季为15mg/g，冬季为13.36mg/g,人工林地的土壤蔗糖酶活性春季平均值为34.08mg/g，夏季为45.97mg/g，冬季为35.63mg/g,这个土层的土壤蔗糖酶活性相比较于0-20cm和20-40cm的蔗糖酶活性都偏低，并且春季和冬季的蔗糖酶活性差异很小。

关键词：柳树人工林 ；蔗糖酶 ；季节动态

Seasonal dynamics of soil invertase activity

in willow plantation

ABSTRACT

Soil enzymes, one of the components of the soil, participate in the natural material cycle, including the biochemical processes in the soil, and have the ability to organize and metabolize organisms similar to those of the organisms. Therefore, the seasonal variation of invertase activity in soil 0-20cm, 20-40cm and 40-60cm of willow plantations was studied by field investigation, sampling and indoor analysis, and the seasonal dynamics of invertase activity in willow plantation soil was revealed by field investigation, sampling and indoor analysis in Jiangsu. The seasonal dynamics of invertase activity in willow plantation soil was revealed, which was the soil fertilizer for plantation. The basis of force maintenance is provided. The main results are as follows:

(1) the mean value of invertase activity in the control soil of 0-20cm was 79.02mg/g in spring, 85.33mg/g in summer and 71.71mg/g in winter. The mean value of invertase activity in artificial forestland was 97.97mg/g in spring, 98.64mg/g in summer and 88.55mg/g in winter. In the two plots, summer soil enzyme activity was the highest, and the enzyme activity in spring and winter two season changed little.

(2) the mean value of invertase activity in soil in 20-40cm is 40.15mg/g in spring, 61.8mg/g in summer and 47.69mg/g in winter. In spring, the activity of invertase in soil of artificial forest is 87.59mg/g, summer is 84.05mg/g, and in winter is 75.13mg/g. The activity of invertase in the control plots increased from spring to summer, and decreased in summer to winter, while the activity of invertase in artificial forest soil decreased from spring to summer and in winter.

(3) the mean value of invertase activity in the control soil of 40-60cm was 13.63mg/g in spring, in summer was 15mg/g, and in winter was 13.36mg/g. The mean value of invertase activity in soil in artificial forestland was 34.08mg/g in spring, 45.97mg/g in summer and 35.63mg/g in winter, and the activity of invertase in this soil layer was compared with 0-20cm and 20-40cm invertase activity. Sex is low, and the invertase activity in spring and winter is very small.

Key words：Willow plantation ；Invertase；Seasonal dynamics

目 录

1 绪论……………………………………………………………………1

1.1 研究目的和意义………………………………………………………………1

1.2 国内外研究进展………………………………………………………………1

1.2.1 土壤酶活性…………………………………………………………………………1

1.2.1.1 土壤酶活性的概念…………………………………………………………1

1.2.1.2 土壤酶活性的作用…………………………………………………………1

1.2.1.2.1 土壤质量的生物活性指标……………………………………………1

1.2.1.2.2 土壤肥力的评价指标…………………………………………………1

1.2.2 土壤酶活性研究方法………………………………………………………………2

1.2.2.1 土壤脲酶的测定方法………………………………………………………3

1.2.2.2 土壤磷酸酶活性测定………………………………………………………3

1.2.2.3 土壤蔗糖酶活性测定………………………………………………………4

1.2.3人工林土壤酶活性的变化规律……………………………………………………5

1.2.3.1 不同树种人工林的土壤酶活性变化规律…………………………………5

1.2.3.2 不同季节人工林的土壤酶活性变化规律…………………………………6

1.2.3.3 不同代次人工林的土壤酶活性变化规律…………………………………6

1.2.3.4 不同林龄人工林的土壤酶活性变化规律…………………………………7

1.2.3.5 不同经营措施人工林的土壤酶活性变化规律……………………………7

2 试验地概况与研究方法…………………………………………… 8

2.1 试验地概况………………………………………………………………… 8

2.2 研究方法…………………………………………………………………… 8

2.2.1 试验地选择…………………………………………………………………………8

2.2.2 土壤样品采集与处理………………………………………………………………8

2.2.3 土样分析项目与方法………………………………………………………………8

2.2.4 数据处理……………………………………………………………………………8

3 结果分析………………………………………………………………9

3.1 0-20cm土壤蔗糖酶活性的季节变化规律…………………………………10

3.2 20-40cm土壤蔗糖酶活性的季节变化规律………………………………11

3.3 40-60cm土壤蔗糖酶活性的季节变化规律………………………………12

4 结论与论……………………………………………………………13

致谢…………………………………………………………………… 14

参考文献……………………………………………………………… 15

1 绪论

1.1 研究目的和意义

土壤酶活性作为土壤肥力的重要指标，它受不同植被、管理措施、经营时间等多种因素的影响。林木在改善土壤性质、增强土壤酶活性方面具有特殊作用，柳树作为重要的园艺绿化栽培树种之一，具有适应性强、生长快、绿化效果好等特点，开展柳树人工林土壤酶活性方面的深入研究，对科学栽培管理及改善土壤性质具有重要意义。

1.2 国内外研究进展