摘 要

本研究以当年生的纳塔栎（Quercus nuttallii）幼苗为材料，剪取插穗，对其进行不同的处理，比较分析哪种处理对插穗生根最有效果。在插穗生根过程中，对插穗内的营养物质、内源激素等含量变化进行比较分析，旨在研究这些物质与生根的关系，研究插穗生根的内在机理，为更好的认识和利用插穗的特性，科学指导育苗生产提供指导。研究结果如下：

（1）外源激素处理对纳塔栎插穗生根率有很大的促进作用。在采用外源激素500mg/L IBA、250mg/L NAA的处理中，纳塔栎当年生插穗生根率最高，达到88.8%，平均生根数为7.4，平均根长为7.4。浓度为600mg/L ABT-6处理当年生插穗时，粉末状裹蘸处理较液体浸泡处理的生根率高，且差异显著。

（2）纳塔栎扦插生根过程中，可溶性糖含量的变化呈“下降、上升、再下降”的趋势，愈伤组织、不定根原基的形成需要大量的可溶性糖为其提供营养物质，在生根阶段可溶性糖被消耗逐渐下降。可溶性蛋白含量呈先上升后下降的变化趋势，愈伤组织和不定根的形成需要消耗大量的可溶性蛋白。生根过程中C/N呈现上升趋势。

（3）扦插生根过程中，IAA、ZR、GA₃的总体变化趋势一致，均出现先上升，后下降的趋势，ABA在扦插开始阶段上升，随后一直是下降趋势，且经过激素处理过的插穗其IAA/ABA值较对照组高，生根率也较对照高。

关键词：纳塔栎；外源激素；生根率；可溶性糖；可溶性蛋白

Effect of hormone treatment on cuttage and rooting of tender shoot of nuttallii cuttings

Abstract

This study was based on the Quercus nuttallii cutting material that was born. Different treatments are performed on Q. nuttallii to compare the analysis of which treatment has the most effect on rooting of the cuttings. During the rooting process of cuttings, the contents and changes of nutrients, endogenous hormones, in the cuttings were compared and analyzed. The purpose is to understand the relationship between the change of these substances and rooting. Studying the intrinsic mechanism of rooting. We better understand and utilize the characteristics of cuttings, and scientifically guide the production of seedlings. The test results are as follows:

1. Mixed treatment of exogenous hormones greatly increased the rooting rate of Q. nuttallii cuttings. In the test, in the mixed treatment of 500mg/LIBA and 250mg/LNAA, the rooting rate of Q. nuttallii 's annual cuttings reached 88.81%, the average root number was 7.37, and the average root length was 7.35. When the cuttings were treated with 600mg/LABT-6 in the current year, the rooting rate of the powdered cocoon treatment was higher than that of the liquid soaking treatment, and the difference was significant.
2. During the rooting process of Natta cutting, the trend of changes in soluble sugar content "decreased, increased, and decreased." The formation of callus and adventitious root primordium requires a large amount of soluble sugar to provide nutrients. In the rooting stage, soluble sugars are gradually depleted and eventually become stable. The change trend of the soluble protein content "rises, falls," and the formation of callus and adventitious roots consumes a large amount of soluble protein.
3. During the rooting process of cuttings, the overall changes of IAA, ZR, and GA3 were consistent, and they all increased first and then decreased. ABA increased during the initial stage of cutting, and then continued to decline. The hormone-treated cuttings had higher IAA/ABA values than the control group, and the rooting rate was also higher than that of the control.

Keywords: Quercus nuttallii; Exogenous hormone; Rooting rate;Soluble Sugar; soluble protein

目 录

1 文献综述 1

1.1 林木扦插繁殖技术研究 1

1.1.1 林木的种类 1

1.1.2 扦插环境 1

1.1.3 扦插时期 2

1.1.4 生长调节物质处理 2

1.2 扦插繁殖生理生化基础研究 3

1.2.1 营养物质 3

1.2.2 内源激素 3

1.3 纳塔栎扦插繁殖研究进展 4

1.4 研究思路与技术路线 5

2试验材料与方法 7

2.1 试验地概况 7

2.2 试验材料 7

2.3 扦插床的制备 7

2.4 外源激素处理试验 7

2.5 扦插后管理 8

2.6 调查指标 8

2.7 纳塔栎扦插生根机理研究 8

2.7.1 试验设计 8

2.7.2 测定指标与方法 9

2.8 数据统计与分析 10

3 结果与分析 11

3.1 纳塔栎生根过程 11

3.2 外源激素对纳塔栎扦插生根影响 13

3.3 纳塔栎扦插生根机理研究 14

3.3.1 扦插过程中可溶性糖含量的变化 14

3.3.2 扦插过程中可溶性蛋白的变化 15

3.3.3 扦插生根过程中C/N变化 16

3.3.4 插穗生根过程中内源激素的变化 17

4 讨论 22

4.1 营养物质含量与扦插生根的关系 22

4.2 内源激素与插穗生根的关系 22

5 结论 26

参考文献： 27

1 文献综述

1.1 林木扦插繁殖技术研究

扦插是利用植物体营养器官的一部分作为繁殖材料，促使其发生不定根或不定芽，并将其培养成根茎兼备、完全独立植株的一种无性繁殖方法。扦插繁殖是常用的繁殖方法之一，其具有繁殖材料充足、繁殖系数高、并能保持原有品种优良特性等优点。植物扦插繁殖历史悠久，随着人工合成植物生长调节物质、人工喷雾装置、自控温度、湿度、光照等设备的出现，幼化理论和技术被突破以及对插穗生根机理的认识深入，许多难生根树种的扦插繁殖均取得了很大成功（森下义郎等）^[1-3]。

以往的研究表明，影响林木扦插生根的主要因素包括：林木的种类，扦插时间，扦插环境（温度、湿度、光照）。

1.1.1 林木的种类