摘 要

通过随机样线法和典型区域调查法，对南京灵岩山森林公园植物区系开展调查分析，了解了其乔木、灌木、草本等植物种类、数量、比例结构等状况，对区系的特点、性质、起源等进行全面分析，探讨灵岩山区系的现状和问题，并就相关保护和开发利用提出了相应建议。本研究的主要结果如下：

1.灵岩山共有维管植物219种隶属于63科162属，蕨类植物隶属7科7属7种，裸子植物3科4属6种，单子叶植物4科18属21种，双子叶植物49科133属185种。

2.灵岩山地区的植物在种的分布上，以北温带、热带分布为主，说明此地植物具有热带向亚热带、温带过渡的性质。

3.灵岩山植物群落中朴树（Celtis sinensis）、麻栎（Quercus acutissima）、柘树（Cudrania tricuspidata）、桑（Morus alba）占优势。阴坡乔木高大且密，草本植物相对较少，阳坡植物生长较茂盛。

4.灵岩山地区植物区系和周边植物区系相比，物种丰富度较高。许多植物有较高的药用、观赏等价值，保护植物有青檀、银杏、水杉、香樟等，应采取一定措施加以保护。

关键词：南京；灵岩山；植物区系；植物资源

Study on flora of Nanjing Lingyanshan Forest Park Abstract

By random sampling method and typical area survey method, we carry out the investigation and analysis on Nanjing Lingyanshan forest park flora .We studied the species, quantity and proportion of trees, shrubs and herbs and other conditions.We comprehensively analyzed the characteristics, nature and origin of the regional, this paper discusses the current situation and problems of Lingyanshan , it can give some suggestions on protection,exploition and utilization. The main results of this study are as follows:

1. In Lingyanshan, there are 219 species of vascular plants belonging to 219 families, 162 genera. Among them 7 species belong to 7 genera in 7 families are ferns, 6 species belong to 4 genera in 3 families are gymnosperms,21 species belong to 18 genera in 4 families are monocotyledons,185 species belong to 133 genera in 49 families are dicotyledonous.
2. The distribution of plants in Lingyanshan area is mainly in the north temperate zone and the tropical distribution, indicating that the plants in this area have the nature of transition from tropical to subtropical and temperate zone.
3. Celtis sinensis, Quercus acutissima, Cudrania tricuspidata and Morus alba are dominant in Lingyanshan flora. Shady slope trees are tall and dense, relatively few herbaceous plants, and sunny slope plants grow luxuriously.
4. The flora of Lingyanshan area is more abundant than that of surrounding flora. Many plants have high medicinal and ornamental value, and protect plants with green sandalwood, ginkgo, yew, camphor, etc., and should take certain measures to protect them.

Key word：Nanjing；Lingyanshan；Flora；Plant resources

目录

1前言 1

1.1 植物区系概述 1

1.1.1区系研究内容 1

1.1.2区系研究方法 2

1.2 国内外研究进程 2

1.2.1 国外研究进程 2

1.2.2 国内研究进程 3

1.3研究区域概况 4

1.4研究目的和意义 4

2研究内容和方法 4

2.1研究内容 5

2.2研究方法 5

2.2.1野外调查 5

2.2.2标本鉴定和资料收集 5

2.2.3区系分析 5

3研究结果和数据分析 5

3.1植物组成概况 5

3.2植物物种组成分析 6

3.2.1科的组成分析 6

3.2.2属的组成分析 7

3.2.3种的组成分析 7

3.3植物区系的地理成分分析 8

3.3.1科的分布类型及分析 8

3.3.2属的分布类型及分析 9

3.4南京灵岩山植物区系和冶山的植物区系的比较 11

3.5南京灵岩山植物资源分析 11

3.5.1观赏价值 11

3.5.2药用价值 12

3.5.3食用价值 12

4结论与讨论 12

4.1结论 12

4.2讨论 13

致 谢 15

参考文献 16

附录 18

附表1. 南京灵岩山物种名录 18

附表2. 南京灵岩山植物资源价值表 26

1前言

1.1 植物区系概述